|
LONDON DOCUMENTS: XV. |
979 |
way now we desire to know whether you think our Governour real or not, and
whether we may depend upon it, and how that your Lordship intends to do with ye
Indians in your Government whether you will keep them in from warring upon us,
we would gladly be satisfied on this particular and to be plain with your
Lordship it is ye cause of our stay here so long, hopeing your
Lordship will be pleased to resolve us before we goe hence to Canada do
give two Bever Skins
His Lordship asked how long the designed to stay, that he may give them an answer, They said they beleived they would not be ready before the Indian Propositions were over
|
P SCHUYLER
|
PROPOSITIONS
made by five of yefarr Indians called Twightwighs and Tionondadees
sent by the Sachims of said Nations who
live at Tjughsaghrondie a place
where the French have built a Fort last
year, to His Excellency Edward
Lord Cornbury Captn Genll
and Governor in Cheife of New Yorke &c and
Vice Admirall of ye Same in
Albany ye 10th July 1702
PRESENT-
Coll P Schuyler of H M Councill
Tehonwahonkarachqua, a Twichtwigh son in law of ye Principal Sachim of Deonondade spoke first and said,
Brother Corlaer
I hope your Lordship will not expect that we should say much being but ignorant mean poor people, in ye first place we congratulate your Lordships safe arrival to your Government, and beg leave to bid you heartily welcome doe give a Bever Coat
Rughkiwahaddi, a Diononde Spoke @ said
The greatest part of ye Dionondes and many of ye Twichtwighs are removed and come to live at Tjughsaghrondie, hard by the Fort which ye French built last summer, which said two nations are united, we belong to those Dionondadees who live at Tjughsaghrondie and our Sachims having heard by one of our Indians called Towasquaye now come along with us, that he was kindly treated here about two years agoe, we are therefore sent hither to return thanks and to see if yt good treatment and understanding continues, and withall to enquire concerning the Trade of this place we are directed by the Sachims to see if goods be cheaper here than elsewhere and where we find goods cheapest, thither we will bend our course, we designed to go to Canada with our Bever and Peltry, but we ventured and are come here to try, and see whether ye Goods be cheaper here than there do give 7 Bevers
Brother Corlaer
We have one word more to say, that is that we being strangers, were much at a losse when we came to the carrying place of Oneyde none of us ever having been that way before (Towasquaye when he came here two years agoe coming by the waye of Canada) we do therefore Pray if your Lordship shall be so good, yt ye Path over ye Carrying Place may be mark'd upon ye Trees and ye old Trees taken out of ye Creek which much injures the Passage of Canoes, and will much facilitate their coming hither
Wee presume to acquaint your Lordship that there are eight of our nations that are now in warr with ye Naudowasses by ye French called Pani a nation of Indians that live to the Westward towards ye Spanyards
|
LONDON DOCUMENTS: XV. |
981 |
your attendance, in ye mean time you shall have provisions delivered
to you for yr refreshment whatever you shall have occasion for
His
Excellency My Lord Cornbury Captn Genll and Govr
in Cheife's answer to ye
farr Indians called Twighttwighs and
Dionondadees Albany ye 14 July 1702
PRESENT- Coll P Schuyler of His Matys Councill Majr Dirck Wessells
I thank you for your kind congratulation and am extreemly well pleased that I have now an opportunity (which none of my predecessors ever had, to speak with you about the establishment of a Lasting Friendship and Trade which shall always be encouragd on my part, and as a token of my sincere intentions and of your being heartily welcome to these parts I doe give you
5 Gunns 10 Bags Powder 5 Lac'd Hatts 3 Stroudwater Coats Some Tobacco and Pipes
I perceive some of your people have left their native country and come to live at Tjughsaghrondie a place where the French have built a Fort last year without leave of the 5 Nations who claim that Country, I am also informed ye French are very loath you should come and trade here, fearing that you will receive so much satisfaction that you will for ever hereafter decline going to Canada. I observe further that you have mett with some difficulties in your journey hither at ye Carrying place for want of Guides to conduct you hither
As to the first I could wish that since you are removed yt you would come and live nearer us at Iagare or some other convenient place, yt upon occasion we might be able to supply you without any interruption from ye French and I conjure you to acquaint your Sachims that I send them these two Belts of Wampum one to each nation by which I invite them to come and see mee next July when your people come from hunting when the Indian Corn is a blossoming, And I will then order ye Sachims of ye five nations & ye River Indians to meet me here; & gett you and them joyned in a firm League that you may be united in heart & hand against all those who may envy your happinesse by being linked in our Genll Covenant Chain
As to ye second, I shall say little to that matter since your own experience will decide it only one thing I must observe to you, that ye Rumor of Warr breaking out in Europe has raised the Price of Goods extreamly, in so much that a Bever formerly could have purchas'd that which two will scarce doe now never the less I doubt not but you will find that ye Goods are farr cheaper here than at Canada
As to ye third I will not only give directions to have ye Path at ye Carrying Place marked out and ye Creek cleered of old Trees for ye ease and accommodation of all strangers that may be inclined to come & see us, but will upon ye least intimation of your Peoples coming this way send guides from hence to convey them hither
I would have sent a present to your Sachims of some of ye Commodities of this place but fear it would be too bulksome and heavy for you to carry, have therefore sent them by you some Indian Jewells which I hear are most in request with you Vizt. 110 Wampum Pipes 9 Shells 117 Round small Shells 32 Jewells that they wear in their noses and eares, and some toys for their Children viz 3 Doz Tobacco Tongs 16 Fanns 36 looking Glasses, and you may assure them from me that they may freely come without any fear or Jealousy, that they shall be civilly treated, and have every thing, as cheap as any other Indians in Covenant with us, and as the Indians of ye 5 nations have found ye benefit by a constant inviolable League with us since ye first settlement of this Province with Christians (which ye French cannot pretend to with any of their Indians) So you shall with the unanimous consent of all, be received in the same Covenant, and partake of all ye benefitts thereof
|
LONDON DOCUMENTS: XV. |
989 |
We forgott to answer your Lordship yesterday concerning ye rendring
an account of ye number of our People we cannot conveniently now
give your Lordship an exact acct but shall do it as soon as we can.
Your Lordship in your propositions requires an account of ye affairs
of ye Country & how affaires stand relating to ye
farr Indians &c which we are now come to give
Upon which one of the Sachims of the Sinnekes stood up and said
That there was about 24 of ye farr Indians called Twichtwichs and
Dionondadees came to their Castle this spring and told them they were bound for
Canada to Trade; and withall acquainted them, that they would deliver up ye
twelve Sinnekes Prisoners which they had taken in Warr and desired that they
might find for them, upon which ye Sinnekes ordered Owenano one of
their Sachims to goe and fetch them from Tjughsaghrondie, they said further
that all ye five nations ought to be acquainted with this their
resolution as also Corlaer ye Governour of New Yorke for ye
Governour of Canada has ordered that said farr Indians should make Peace with ye
Sinnekes, and that there should be an exchange of Prisoners on both sides and
they were now going to the Governor of Canada to acquaint him, that they had
complyd with his desire, and upon this proposition they laid down a Belt of
Wampum to ye Sinnekes
The said 24 farr Indians said further to the 5 nations we are now come to live
at Tjughsaghrondie at one end of your house and having now concludd
a firm Peace with you which ye Dowaganhaes have done in like manner,
we must tell you not to trust too much to ye Dowaganhaes for they
are a brutish People, and if any of your men happen to be killed by them we
would not have you take up the Hatchett against them before you acquaint ye
Govr of Canada with it, and they will doe the same if your People
should by chance kill any of them, that soe the matter may be composed, and not
come to an open rupture for the Governor of Canada has given such directions,
that if either nation should send out a Troop to War upon ye other,
he will have your Troop or Company if they were 30 delivered up to him to be
punished and if that nation or castle should refuse to deliver up the said
Company yt had so gone out to War without first acquainting
therewith, then he would make War upon that Castle & nation & then
there was another Belt given by ye said farr Indians
The 2 Belts so given we did present to ye Oneydes and Cayouges
Maquase and Onnondages
An Onnondage called otsakana said that there was a Sachim of their Castle
called Great wald1 out a hunting this Spring a Frenchman comes to
him, and bids him to go to Canada which he did, and coming to Mont Royall he
went to Mons Marricour and the Preest who said they had not sent for him
neither knew they anything of ye matter, upon which he returned
again to his hunting, @ now when ye Sachims were upon their way
hither & gett as far as ye small carrying place a messengr
sent from ye Govr of Canada overtook them and ask'd them
to goe to onnondio ye Govr of Canada but they told him
they were sent for by Corlaer ye govr of N Yorke &
were going to him & wd not go to ye Gov of Canada
His Lordship told him that they shd abide by their conclusion
yesterday not to take any Preests into their country
|
|
P SCHUILJER. ROBt LIVINGSTONE
|
|
Albany ye 20 July 1702 |
The 10 Sachims being sent for his Excellency my Lord Cornbury told them that he perceived the Principal matter that they insisted upon was the [Proposition] relating to that conveyance of
1world. post. p. 922.- ED.
268 |
NEW-YORK COLONIAL MANUSCRIPTS. |
At that time the Six Nations delivered a string of Wampum from the Connays, desiring
their Brother Onas to make the Connays some satisfaction for their settlement
at the Connay Town in Donegal,1 which they had lately left and
settled amongst the Susquehannah Indians which town had been reserved for their
use at that time their Brother Onas had made a purchase of the land adjoining
to that town.
In November I went to the country of the Twightwees by order of the Governor with a small present to renew the chain of friendship, in company with Mr Montour Interpreter; on our journey met Mr Gist, a messenger from the Governor of Virginia, who was sent to write the Ohio Indians to meet the Commissioners of Virginia at the Logs town in the Spring following to receive a present of goods which their father the King of Great Britain had sent them. Whilst I was at the Twigtwee town delivering the present and message, there came several of the Chiefs of the Wawioughtanes and Pianguisha Nations, living on Wabash, and requested to be admitted into the chain of friendship between the English and the Six Nations and their allies; which request I granted & exchang'd deeds of friendship with them, with a view of extending His Majestys Indian interest, and made them a small present. On my return I sent a coppy of my proceedings to the Governor. On his laying it before the House of Assembly, it was rejected and myself condemned for bad conduct in drawing an additionall expence on the Government, and the Indians were neglected.
At the time that the Secretary, the provincial Interpreter, with the Justices of Cumberland County and the Sheriff were ordered to dispossess the people settled on the unpurchased lands on the West side of Susquehannah, and on their return to my house, they met a deputation of the Ohio Indians, who told the Secretary that they had heard of a purchase that the Governor had made on the East side of Susquehannah, and said they were intitled to part of the goods paid for that purchase, but had received none, that they were come now to desire the Governor to purchase no more lands without first acquainting them, for that the lands belonged to them as well as to the Onondaga Council; on which they delivered a Belt of Wampum, and desired that the Governor might send that Belt to Onondaga to let them know that the Ohio Indians had made such a complaint.
In April 1761 the Governor sent me to Ohio with a present of goods; the speeches were all wrote by the Provincial Interpreter Mr Wiser. In one of the speeches was warmly expressed that the Govr of Pennsylvania would build a fort on the Ohio to protect the Indians, as well as the English Traders, from the insults of the French. On the Governor perusing the speech he thought it too strongly expressed, on which he ordered me not to make it, but ordered me to sound the Chief of the Indians on that head, to know whether it would be agreeable to them or not. Which orders I obeyed, and did in the presence of Mr Montour sound the Half King Scarioaday, and the Belt of Wampum, who all told me that the building of a Trading House had been agreed on between them and the Onondagoe Council, since the time of the detachment of French, under the command of Monsr Celaroon, had gone down the river Ohio, and said they would send a message by me to their Brother Onas, on that head.
After I had delivered the present and done the chief of the business, the Indians in publick Council, by a Belt of Wampum, requested that the Governor of Pennsylvania would
1Donegal was an old town on the east side of the Susquehannah, situated between the Conewago and Chiques creeks, in the north-western angle of the county of Lancaster, (Scull's Map of Pennsylvania,) where these Indians have left their name to the Conoy, or as it is now called, Coney creek. Memoirs of the Pennsylvania Historical Society, IV., pt. II, 210. The Conoys were originally from Piscataway, in Maryland, whence they moved to an island in the Potomac, and, on the invitation of William Penn, removed to the Susquehannah. Pennsylvania Colonial Records, IV., 657.- ED.
572 |
NEW-YORK COLONIAL MANUSCRIPTS. |
liberty to avail yourself of His Majesty's permission to return, after so long an
absence, to your native country.
|
I am, &c
|
__________
Sir William Johnson to the Lords of Trade.
[Plantations General Papers, R., 51, in Bundle B.]
|
Johnson Hall Novr 13. 1763. |
My Lords,
In obedience to your Lordships commands of the 5th of August last, I now do myself the honour of writing my sentiments concerning Indian affairs and of transmitting the best state I am able at present, of the several Nations within my department, with whom I have hitherto had intercourse.
Your Lordpps may please to observe that in my letter of the 20th of August 1762, I gave a pretty general account of the Indians sentiments at that period, of the uneasiness amongst them, and my apprehensions thereon, as also my sentiments on the best method of conciliating their affections and preventing a Rupture; and I flatter myself it will appear, from what has since past, that my then opinion, was not ill founded.
In my letter of the 1st of July and 25th of Septr last I repeated my former sentiments, and humbly represented the causes to which the late hostilities might chiefly be attributed.
I shall therefore in this chiefly confine myself to the claims, interest, cause of defection and sentiments of the several Nations within my department, and with deference, offer my opinion on the ways and means for effecting a lasting peace, and securing their affections to the advantage of His Majesty and the safety and welfare of His American subjects for which importand end, I shall humbly lay before Your Lordpps a necessary plan for the better regulation of my Départment.
In the State herewith transmitted I have (with as much exactness as the subject would possibly admit of at present) laid down the several Confederacies in my Department hitherto treated with, and pointed out as nearly as I could the situation and numbers of each Nation comprehended therein, with their present alliances; but as the Western Indians or Ottawas Confederacy, were but newly received into our alliance, I have only taken upon me to ascertain the numbers of them residing in the neighbourghood of the several outposts lately taken, as reported by my deputies, who performed tours amongst them, and given the best General Computation I have met with of the rest of their Confederacy, who live so scattered about the North of Lakes Ontario, Erie and Huron, and even about the Lakes Superior and Michigan, that no particular account can as yet be procured of them.
I am now to lay before your Lordpps the claims of the Nations mentioned in the State of the Confederacies.
The Five Nations having in the last Century subdued the Shawanese, Delawares, Twighties, & western Indians so far, as lakes, Michigan & Superior, received them into an alliance, allowed them the possession of the Lands they occupied, and have ever since been at peace
582 |
NEW-YORK COLONIAL MANUSCRIPTS. |
Enumeration of Indians within the Northern
Department.
[Plantations General Papers, R., LII., Bundle S.]
Present State of the Northern Indians, in the Department of Sir William Johnson
Bart. comprehended under
the Six Nations and Ottawa confederacies ettc.
containing the names,
numbers and situation of each Nation with remarks.
|
SIX NATION CONFEDERACY |
|
NAMES. |
NUMBERS |
SCITUATION. |
REMARKS. |
|
|
|
Two villages on the Mohawk River, with a few Emigrants at Scohare about 16. miles from Fort Hunter. Two villages, one 25 miles from Fort Stanwix, the other 12 miles west of Oneida Lake, with Emigrants in several places towards the Susquehanna River. One village 6. miles from the first Oneidas, and several others about the Susquehanna. One large village, 6. m. from the Lake of their name (which is the place of congrese for the Confederates) with a smaller at some distance. One large village near the Lake of their name, with several others from thence to the Susquahanna. Have several villages beginning about 50. m. from Cayuga, & from thence to Chenussio, the largest about 70. m from Niagara with others thence to the Ohio. Emigrants from the Six Nations chiefly Onondagas settled at la Gallette on the River St. Lawrence. A people removed from the south- ward and settled on and about the
Susquehanna on lands allotted by the Six Nations. |
Of the Six Nations, the
Mohawks or Mohocks, Onondagas, and Senecas are considered at the Chief and
elder Branches. The Oneidas, Cayugas and Tuscaroras are the younger; the last
mentioned Nation having - (?) yrs ago retired from the south- ward were admitted
into the Confederacy with the then Five Nations, the Oneidas giving them
land, and they now enjoy all privileges with the rest. |
|
INDIANS OF CANADA IN ALLIANCE WITH THE SIX NATIONS. |
|
Caghnawagas............. |
|
Emigrants from the Mohocks settled at Soult St Louis near Montreal, with Emigrants at Aghquissasne, below la Gallette, which is the seat of a Mission. These three Nations now reside together, at the Lac de deux Montagnes at the mouth of the Ottawa River near Montreal. Their village having been burned, at St. Francis' below Montreal during the war, they have since lived scattered except a few. Reside at Trois Rivieres, they are originally Algonkins Reside at Loretto, near Quebec, a very civilized people. |
All these Nations are in
alliance with the Six Nations and warmly attached to the British Interest, as
are all the other Indians in Canada- Caughnawaga is the seat of a Mission, as
is the village of Lac du deux Montagnes. |
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