/pg. 210/

There is little specific locational information for this time period, but some general information that indicates that some Piankashaws continued to live in the vicinity of Vincennes, probably mainly on the western side of the Wabash River, but that they also hunted and traded as far east as Louisville and as far west as St. Louis.

/pg. 211/

A few Piankashaws only participated in the preliminary agreement which established the boundaries of Royce Area 26, the Vincennes Tract, and none took part in the final treaty which bounded it in June 1803 or in the cession of the Saline Spring (Royce Area 47). Piankashaw chiefs did take part in a subsequent council at Vincennes to confirm the article of the treaty which gave the United States the right to locate four one-mile square tracts of land for the accommodation of travelers between Vincennes and Kaskaskia and Vincennes and Clarksville.

In 1804 Dearborn instructed Harrison to find out what the Kickapoos and Piankashaws thought about the boundaries of the boundarios of the treaty made with the Kaskaskias in August of 1803, since those two nations would be interested in the boundary. He also told Harrison to encourage the Indians to follow the example of the Kaskaskia chief in disposing of their lands, and especially the Piankashaws whose lands lay between the Vincennes tract and the Xaskaskia cession. Harrison was also to acquire the lands between the Vincennes tract and the Ohio River. No information has been found on the Kickapoo reaction to the Kaskaskia cession. The Piankashaws, however, in their treaty ceding Royce Area 49 (August 1804) explicitly agreed to the boundary of the earlier Kaskaskia cession--the ridge or high land which divided the waters of Saline Creek and Wabash River and the continuation of the ridge which separated the waters falling in to the Wabash River and those which went more directly into the Mississippi drainage.

Harrison held two treaties for the cession of Royce Area 49 in August of 1804. The first one was with Deleware Indians. The

/pg. 212/ Piankashaws, however, refused to recognize that the Delawares had any right to cede the land and Harrison held the second treaty with the Piankashaws a few days later. Five Piankashaw chiefs took part. Miami and Potawatomi Indians protested against the Delaware cession of Royce Area 49, but not against the Piankashaw cession of it. Piankashaws did not take part in the settling of the dispute.

Lewis and Clark noted the presence of a small group (ca. 80 persons) of "Miamis" near St. Louis which may have been Piankashaws.

On December 30, 1805 three Piankashaws ceded the area called Royce Area 63. One of these chiefs may have been living "on the Mississippi" at this time. The Piankashaws were to be permitted, however, to continue to hunt and live in the ceded area as long as it belonged to the United States.