THE OHIO VALLEY-GREAT LAKES ETHNOHISTORY
ARCHIVES: THE MIAMI COLLECTION
It is noted that the following work from the Miami Archives should be read and
considered within the historical context in which it was composed and printed.
The opinions expressed and the language used do not reflect the opinions or
standards of the Glenn A. Black Laboratory of Archaeology, but are, rather,
indicative of thought in that historical moment during which the document was
published.
Governor Clinton to the
Duke of Bedford
(1749)
In: New York Colonial Documents
(London Docs.: XXIX),
VI, pp. 533-538.
Speech of a French Officer to the Ohio Indians.
[New York Papers, Hh., No. 74]
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The Speech of a French Officer who had the Command of 200 French and 30 Indians going down Ohio, delivered in Council to the Ohio Indians at an Indian Town called Log's Town. |
Children.
We are once more come to see you & further we are to let you know that we are to come next Spring and trade with you: We are now going down the River in order to whip home some of our children, that is the Twitchwees & Wayundotts & to let them know that they have not business to trade or traffick with the English: further Children we desire you may hunt this Summer & Fall, and Pay the English their Debts, for we will not suffer them to come here to trade after this winter. So gave the Indians a Belt of Wampum.
To which Speech the Indians made little or no answer only gave the French to understand that the land was theirs & that while there was any Indians in those Parts they would trade with their Brothers the English; As for their pretending to whip home the Twitchwees & Wayundatts this Fall & sending their brothers the English home from trading with them next Spring, they looked on that Speech as a jest & desired them to consider the consequence that must attend a proceeding of that kind; for that to separate them from their Brothers the English would be like cutting a Man in two halfs & then expect him to live. They added no more but used them with a great deal of contempt while they staid in their Town.
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Governor Clinton to the Duke of Bedford.
[New-York Papers (S. P. O.) XL., 128.]
My Lord Duke.
In obedience to your Grace's commands, by letter dated the 19th July last, the next day after I received it, I gave that letter to the deputy Secretary, and sent a copy of it to the province Treasurer. As these two are by their Offices the properest persons to give the informations required by your Grace, and the Treasurer the only person that can give a compleat and perfect answer, I gave each of them an order to make a distinct and compleat answer, to every thing required in your Graces letter. I now enclose the answers I received
been here this summer that their intentions were to fulfill their Engagements and there would have been at least one third more Canoes here had they not been stopped at Niagara by the French, who used them most barbarously. On my hearing this I spirited them up with my utmost endeavors with the five Nations to go there and protect & defend those Indians in their Liberty at a place that belonged to them, and to which they were obliged, those Indians being mostly joined in Alliance with them, but to no purpose, for our five Nations going so often to Canada seem to have sold themselves to the French, and are as much their Slaves as their own Indians are, I am at daily trouble and expence to make them better and although I be neither enabled or empowered to do any thing I cannot but use my best endeavor, in an affair that the good of the Country does so greatly depend on. I have dayly opportunities to see what Pains the French take to gain our five Nations many ways and they seem to be in too good a way to succeed if the Assembly do not enable your Excellency to empower Coll Johnson to take proper means to keep those we have on our side and gain over some other leading Indians, The consequence will be worse than is proper for me to say, I beg pardon for this liberty and am with great esteem and Respect
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Sir |
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Your Excellencys |
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most obedient Servant |
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sgd JNo LINDESAY Commissioner |
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Return of Western Tribes who traded at Oswego. 1749.
[New-York Papers, Bundle 14h.(?), No. 76.]
Oswego 20th August. A Return of the Farr off Indians, the number of Cannoes, the number of People and number of Packs for each Nation, and the amount of the same.
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THE NAMES OF EACH NATION |
Number of Canoes from each Nation |
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Number of People from each Nation |
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Number of Packs from each Nation |
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Amount of the Number of Cannoes of the Farr off Nations |
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Amount of the Number of People of the Farr off Nations |
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Amount of the number of Packs of the Farr off Nations |
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Amount of the value of the Packs from the Farr off Nations at 14 pounds pr each Pack |
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Amount of the Packs from the Cocknawagas and French |
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Amount of the value of the Packs from the Cocknawagas and French at 20 pounds pr Pack |
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Total amount of the Packs |
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Total value of the whole |
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Wyeacktenacks |
89 |
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318 |
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298 |
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147 |
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1177 |
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1049 |
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14686 |
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386 |
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6720 |
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1885 |
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21406 |
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Potawatumies |
20 |
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160 |
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140 |
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Twigtwies, Meames |
11 |
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88 |
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77 |
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JNO. LINDESAY Commisry at Oswego. |
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Missasagas |
25 |
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200 |
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175 |
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Monomunies |
10 |
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30 |
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70 |
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Mitchinimackenucks |
9 |
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72 |
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68 |
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Oroonducks |
1 |
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8 |
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7 |
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Shepawees |
32 |
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256 |
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224 |
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Cocknawages and Shocuidies |
43 |
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844 |
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301 |
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French Traders |
3 |
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(?)36 |
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35 |
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